The '60s and '70s. "
26.05.2009, Rome, Libreria Gabi
Summary of the conference:
From essay by sociologist Yasmine Ergas, "In the mesh of politics. Feminism, institutions and social policies in Italy in the '70s. "(F. Angeli, 1986), the conference has unfolded along two main axes:
- the emergence of themes related to bodily health and sexuality in the context of secularization, rationalization and modernization taking place in Western societies;
- their intertwined with the vicissitudes of the "season of movements" and in particular with the events of the women's movement in the context of neo-feminism.
The two axes were located in the scenario of social policies and the socio-politico-cultural space that these policies are configured, a space which has come to define itself and move the so-called "new policy" that characterized the '60s and 70.
Particular emphasis was given to the fact that the student movement and the feminist are found to be carriers of the major elements in the landscape while the new "social movements", composed, in addition to these movements, the civil rights movement of African-American population , the gay movement and the environmental movement.
It 'was, in fact, stressed that the movement of the female students who had, at the highest level, a consistency "polycentric" and "molecular." These characteristics have made them difficult to study, as was the collection of information on the activities of small groups, the unfolding of events is also small, but they produced a resonance unpredictable, the movement of communications outside the common ways, and on which there was often reluctance to not distort the experience. This is especially true because of the study of the feminist movement.
It is given also emphasize the fact that the "students" that "women" are be "social categories" very complex. Above all, the conceptualization of the identity of a woman has been and continues to be challenging conceptual apparatus of Western thought, serving as a content processing in the same paradoxical feminist - who has explored conflicting versions - as well as for those who made and makes under study. The paradox has certainly made it difficult to reduce to "issues" for institutional trading, but it represents and explains the openness and wealth that continues to theming.
In fact, many now / and scholars / and share the conviction that the analysis and the theming of the identity of a woman call into question the basics l'assetto logocentrico e patriarcale della cultura occidentale, a partire dalla Grecia classica. In tale ottica, la "donna" sarebbe l'Altro per eccellenza, lo sfondo da cui emergerebbe il Soggetto per eccellenza del pensiero occidentale, ovvero, l'"uomo".
La messa a tema dell'identità di donna, nelle sue implicazioni più profonde, è stata resa possibile proprio dal rilievo che le società industrializzate occidentali si sono ritrovate a dare alla salute e alla sessualità, a causa dell'uso delle politiche sociali come strumento di controllo sociale, e della diffusione del consumo di servizi e non solo di beni.
E' accaduto, perciò, che le questioni relative alla salute e alla sessualità, in quanto questioni politiche, mettessero in luce delle contraddizioni strutturali inerenti all'attività dello Stato e del mercato: infatti, entrambi tendono sia a indurre che a controllare i bisogni di salute e di benessere sessuale, a fini di sviluppo economico e di stabilizzazione sistemica; ma, in questo modo, allo stesso tempo, inaspettatamente hanno innescato spinte anti-istituzionali dovute alla burocratizzazione e alla spersonalizzazione della vita intima delle persone e, in particolare, delle donne.
Tutto questo processo ha conferito centralità al ruolo delle donne in quanto: depositarie della procreazione; responsabili della gestione della salute dei gruppi familiari; oggetto della mercificazione sexual attractiveness in the mass media and advertising agencies.
As for the phenomenon of large-scale mobilization of women in Italy in the '70s, he emphasized the fact that this mobilization has been developed, especially around the events for the legalization of abortion, with the understandable mix of enthusiasm and suffering.
A particular emphasis was dedicated to the practice of self-help women's body, that is, the practice dell'autovisita gynecology, the study of various phases of the menstrual cycle, along with counter-information on women's health developed by some feminist groups. As part of that experience of sharing, support and research for women was developed to share the knowledge of Western history, as the material and cultural genocide known as the "witch hunt".
Today, more than thirty years after those events, perhaps, the generation of women who experienced that season is feeling the need and desire to take matters into their own hands the task of memory and history, both for themselves that for the younger generation, especially for new generations of young women, also in the sense of fidelity to the construction of a "women's genealogy." LG
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